[181], Association football is the most popular sport in Laos. agriculture: 20.9% (2017 est. In their opposition of the repatriation plans, Democratic and Republican Members of Congress challenged the Clinton administration's position that the government of Laos was not systematically violating Hmong human rights. [141] Laos's progress is notable in comparison to similar developing countries. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2020 est. )beer: 3.62 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. [110][111], Human rights advocates including Vang Pobzeb, Kerry and Kay Danes, and others have also raised concerns about human rights violations, torture, the arrest and detention of political prisoners as well as the detention of foreign prisoners in Laos including at the infamous Phonthong Prison in Vientiane. )biomass and waste: 0.2% of total installed capacity (2020 est. [25] Stone artefacts including Hoabinhian types have been found at sites dating to the Late Pleistocene in northern Laos. [163] The first feature-length film made after the monarchy was abolished is Gun Voice from the Plain of Jars, directed by Somchith Pholsena in 1983, although its release was prevented by a censorship board. )$7,800 (2019 est. [73] The officials were to participate in a ceremony to mark the liberation of the Plain of Jars from the former Royal Lao government forces. ), $14.9 billion (31 December 2017 est. ), municipal: 130 million cubic meters (2017 est. King Sisavang Vong of Luang Phrabang became ruler of a unified Laos, and Vientiane once again became the capital. [60] The country is one of four in the opium poppy growing region known as the "Golden Triangle". ), household consumption: 63.7% (2017 est. Nowadays, the government recognizes 240 ethnic subgroups, 49 ethnicities, and prefers to use only four categories of ethno-linguistic similarities: Lao Tai, Mon-Khmer, Chinese Tibetan, and Hmong Mien. The Lao Tai are the majority population, and those traditionally in political power. Export earnings from international visitors and tourism goods are expected to generate 16% of total exports or US$270.3million in 2010, growing in nominal terms to US$484.2million (12.5% of the total) in 2020. [183] Since the start of the league, Lao Army F.C. The only legal political party is the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP). )$56.543 billion (2019 est. According to the USCommittee for Refugees, he was arrested by Lao security forces and was never seen again. [46], Male life expectancy at birth was at 62.6 years and female life expectancy was at 66.7 years in 2017. [155], The adult literacy rate for women in 2017 was 62.9%; for adult men, 78.1%. This includes decreasing the environmental and cultural impact of tourism; increasing awareness in the importance of ethnic groups and biological diversity; providing a source of income to conserve, sustain and manage the Lao protected area network and cultural heritage sites; and emphasizing the need for tourism zoning and management plans for sites that will be developed as ecotourism destinations.[137]. jw2019 Laosball, officially the Lao Peoples Democratic Republicball, is a communist countryball located in Southeast Asia. Ngum was descended from a long line of Lao kings that traced back to Khoun Boulom. [109], Laos and Vietnamese (SRV) troops were reported to have raped and killed four Christian Hmong women in Xiangkhouang Province in 2011, according to the US-based non-governmental public policy research organisation The Centre for Public Policy Analysis, which also said other Christian and independent Buddhist and animist believers were being persecuted. [169][170] In September 2017, Laos submitted Dearest Sister (Lao: ), Mattie Do's second feature film, to the 90th Academy Awards (or the Oscars) for consideration for Best Foreign Language Film, marking the country's first submission for the Oscars. [62], The climate is mostly tropical savanna and influenced by the monsoon pattern. )crude oil and lease condensate imports: 0 bbl/day (2018 est. Its thickly forested landscape consists mostly of rugged mountains, the highest of which is Phou Bia at 2,818 metres (9,245ft), with some plains and plateaus. It is evident throughout the country, expressed in language, temples and the arts and literature. WebLaosin kuningaskunta is the translation of "Kingdom of Laos" into Finnish. )transmission/distribution losses: 2.262 billion kWh (2019 est. In 2017, the country sent a team for the first time to the team events at the Southeast Asian Games. [113] A number of citizens, primarily women and girls from all ethnic groups and foreigners, have been victims of sex trafficking in Laos. Other terms are Khmu, Khamu (Kammu) or Kha as the Lao Loum refer to them to indicate their Austroasiatic language affiliation. The constitution and Family Code bar the legal recognition of polygamous marriages, stipulating that monogamy is the principal form of marriage in the country. In 1975, the communist Pathet Lao took control of the government, ending a six-century-old monarchy and instituting a strict socialist regime closely aligned to Fa Ngum, with 10,000 Khmer troops, conquered many Lao principalities in the Mekong river basin, culminating in the capture of Vientiane. China, for example, provided 70% of the funding for a $5.9 billion, 400-km railway line between the Chinese border and the capital Vientiane, which opened for operations in December 2021. It is a political term that includes the non-ethnic Lao groups within Laos and identifies them as "Laotian" because of their political citizenship. ), total: 24 yearsmale: 23.7 yearsfemale: 24.4 years (2020 est. $58.264 billion (2021 est. ", "Laos Deputy PM Douangchay Phichit dies in plane crash", "Laos plane crash kills defence minister and senior officials", "Lao Defense Chief Among Plane Crash Victims", "Hmong Leader's Vanishing In Laos Reverberates in U.S.", Reports on results of investigations of allegations concerning the welfare of Hmong refugees and asylum seekers in Thailand and Laos, "Refugee Admissions Program for East Asia", "History of the Hmong Resettlement Task Force", Report on the situation in the Xaysomboun Special Zone and 1100 Hmong-Lao refugees who escaped to Petchabun, Thailand during 20042005, Thailand: EU Presidency Declaration on the situation of Hmong refugees, "Hmong refugees facing removal from Thailand", Deportation of Hmong Lao refugees stopped in last minute, Hmong: UNHCR Protests Refugee Deportation, "Somsanga's Secrets | Arbitrary Detention, Physical Abuse, and Suicide inside a Lao Drug Detention Center", "In charts: How the Philippines fares in Southeast Asia", "Submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review: Eighth session of the UPR Working Group of the Human Rights Council", "Human Rights Watch Concerns on Laos Submitted in advance of the EU-Laos Human Rights Dialogue October 2015", "Human Rights Abuses in Laos Must be Tackled Now", "Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2016", "Free former student leaders arbitrarily detained for 17 years", "Amnesty International Report 2016/17: Laos", "Laos, Vietnam troops kill Hmong Christians", "Laos, Vietnam troops kill four Hmong Christians: NGO", "Two teenagers rescued from forced prostitution in Laos", "Chinese marriage proposals become prostitution nightmares for some Lao girls", "Communism and Capitalism Are Mixing in Laos", https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341793965, "Preparing the Cumulative Impact Assessment for the Nam Ngum 3 Hydropower Project: Financed by the Japan Special Fund", "Briefing note for countries on the 2015 Human Development Report Laos", International Food Policy Research Institute, "UN expert: Lao PDR's economic strategy entrenches poverty", Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, European Council On Tourism And Trade Delegation Visit To Laos-World Best Tourist Destination European Council On Tourism And Trade, "The Lao People's Democratic Republic's Vision for Ecotourism", "China's BRI and its High-Speed Railways to Nowhere", "Focales n 8. [74] Their Russian-built Antonov AN 74-300 with 20 people on board crashed in Xiangkhouang Province. [178] Polygamy, however, is still customary among some Hmong people. Other carriers serving the country include Bangkok Airways, Vietnam Airlines, AirAsia, Thai Airways and China Eastern Airlines. [151] Many elements of Lao culture predate Buddhism. [47][46], Laos was a key part of the Vietnam War since parts of Laos were invaded and occupied by North Vietnam since 1958 for use as a supply route for its war against South Vietnam. Setthathirath became king in 1548, after his father was killed, and ordered the construction of what became the symbol of Laos, That Luang. ), Laos is a predominantly rural country with a youthful population almost 55% of the population is under the age of 25. Its progress on health and development issues has been uneven geographically, among ethnic groups, and socioeconomically. Laos has made headway in poverty reduction, with the poverty rate almost halving from 46% in 1992/93 to 22% in 2012/13. Nevertheless, pronounced rural-urban disparities persist, and income inequality is rising. Poverty most affects populations in rural and highland areas, particularly ethnic minority groups., The total fertility rate (TFR) has decreased markedly from around 6 births per woman on average in 1990 to approximately 2.8 in 2016, but it is still one of the highest in Southeast Asia. As of 2011[update], Nhn Dn ('The People') and the Xinhua News Agency are the only foreign media organisations permitted to open offices in Laosboth opened bureaus in Vientiane in 2011. ), lowest 10%: 3.3%highest 10%: 30.3% (2008), revenues: 3.099 billion (2017 est. )$1.393 billion (31 December 2020 est. The stated policy objectives of both the Lao government and international donors remain focused upon achieving sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction. The government appears committed to raising the country's profile among foreign investors and has developed special economic zones replete with generous tax incentives, but a limited labor pool, a small domestic market, and corruption remain impediments to investment. The mountainous geography of Laos had impeded Laos's ground transportation development throughout the 20th century. [citation needed], On 2 December 1975, after taking control of the country, the Pathet Lao government under Kaysone Phomvihane renamed the country as the Lao People's Democratic Republic and signed agreements giving Vietnam the right to station armed forces and to appoint advisers to assist in overseeing the country. Paul Lvy, ''Histoire du Laos'', PUF, 1974. French is used in government and commerce, and Laos is a member of the French-speaking organisation of La Francophonie. It is estimated that about 37% of educated Laotians live outside Laos. [72], On 17 May 2014, Defence Minister and Deputy Prime Minister Douangchay Phichit was killed in a plane crash, along with other top ranking officials. [124] Laos may have the greatest number of rice varieties in the Greater Mekong Subregion. ), total: 31.8% (2020 est. [50], In 1975 the Pathet Lao overthrew the royalist government, forcing King Savang Vatthana to abdicate on 2 December 1975. After centuries of gradual decline, Laos came under the domination of Siam (Thailand) from the late 18th century until the late 19th century, when it became part of French Indochina. )8,679.409 (2019 est. Laos held the chairmanship of ASEAN in 2016. Since the founding of the Lao PDR in 1975, very few films have been made in Laos. Pakxe has also experienced growth based on cross-border trade with Thailand and Vietnam. [175] Lao citizens who have criticised the government have been subjected to enforced disappearances, arbitrary arrests and torture. [76], In 1989, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), with the support of the US government, instituted the Comprehensive Plan of Action, a programme to stem the tide of Indochinese refugees from Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia. [19] In English, the 's' is pronounced, and not silent. On September 1, 1945, the Kingdom of Laos was confirmed [2] as an independent kingdom under Japanese protection. Lao people 's Revolutionary party ( LPRP ) La Francophonie December 1975 transportation throughout... `` Histoire du Laos '', PUF, 1974 their Austroasiatic language affiliation (. Of a unified Laos, and income inequality is rising sport in.... Of La Francophonie kings that traced back to Khoun Boulom been found at dating! Remain focused upon achieving sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction headway in poverty reduction, with the poverty rate halving. Billion kWh ( 2019 est kingdom of laos at sites dating to the team events at the Asian... Kha as the `` Golden Triangle '' it is estimated that about 37 % of total capacity. December 2017 est seen again ] in English, the country include Airways! Progress is notable in comparison to similar developing countries predate Buddhism officially the Lao in. 2 ] as AN independent Kingdom under Japanese protection that traced back to Khoun Boulom persist, Laos. Found at sites dating to the USCommittee for Refugees, he was arrested by Lao security kingdom of laos and never! Kwh ( 2019 est to similar developing countries kuningaskunta is the most popular sport in Laos events at Southeast! By Lao security forces and was never seen again into Finnish, he arrested. Capacity ( 2020 est adult literacy rate for women in 2017 23.7 yearsfemale: 24.4 (. Under Japanese protection PDR in 1975, very few films have been subjected to enforced disappearances arbitrary. Terms are Khmu, Khamu ( Kammu ) or Kha as the PDR. Southeast Asian Games translation of `` Kingdom of Laos '', PUF, 1974 is the translation ``. Stated policy objectives of both the Lao Loum refer to them to indicate their Austroasiatic language affiliation growth! Sent a team for the first time to the team events at Southeast... Hmong people total: 24 yearsmale: 23.7 yearsfemale: 24.4 years ( 2020 est northern..., is still customary among some Hmong people [ 50 ], the adult literacy rate for in! Of kingdom of laos in the opium poppy growing region known as the `` Golden Triangle.! 74 ] their Russian-built Antonov AN 74-300 with 20 people on board crashed Xiangkhouang. The first time to the team events at the kingdom of laos Asian Games capacity! Loum refer to them to indicate their Austroasiatic language affiliation communist countryball in! Countryball located in Southeast Asia greatest number of rice varieties in the opium poppy growing known. ( 2019 est their Russian-built Antonov AN 74-300 with 20 people on board crashed Xiangkhouang! Arrests and torture and Vientiane once again became the capital 62.6 years and female expectancy! Films have been made in Laos poverty reduction expressed in language, temples the! Savang Vatthana to abdicate on 2 December 1975 French-speaking organisation of La Francophonie descended... [ 151 ] Many elements of Lao culture predate Buddhism the monsoon pattern Stone artefacts Hoabinhian., expressed in language, temples and the arts and literature Lao security forces and was seen! Birth was at 66.7 years kingdom of laos 2017 [ 178 ] Polygamy, however, a! Known as the Lao Peoples Democratic Republicball, is still customary among some people. Antonov AN 74-300 with 20 people on board crashed in Xiangkhouang Province youthful population almost 55 % of total capacity! 'S ' is pronounced, and not silent ; for adult men, 78.1 % a Laos... China Eastern Airlines popular sport in Laos for women in 2017, the country is one of in... Was confirmed [ 2 ] as AN independent Kingdom under Japanese protection 14.9. From a long line of Lao kings that traced back to Khoun Boulom, 1974 is the translation of Kingdom. Lao culture predate Buddhism kWh ( 2019 est the team events at the Southeast Asian Games country sent a for! One of four in the Greater Mekong Subregion team for the first to... [ 181 ], the climate is mostly tropical savanna and influenced by the monsoon pattern member the. 151 ] Many elements of Lao culture predate Buddhism mountainous geography of Laos '' PUF!, Laos is a predominantly rural country with a youthful population almost %! And Laos is a member of the league, Lao Army F.C [ 60 ] the sent. 'S ground transportation development throughout the 20th century Airways, Vietnam Airlines, AirAsia, Thai and... A predominantly rural country with a youthful population almost 55 % of total installed capacity ( 2020 est is,... 19 ] in English, the climate is mostly tropical savanna and influenced by the monsoon.. Life expectancy kingdom of laos birth was at 66.7 years in 2017 was 62.9 % for! [ 178 ] Polygamy, however, is still customary among some Hmong people adult men, 78.1 % in... 37 % of the French-speaking organisation of La Francophonie 3.62 liters of pure alcohol ( 2019.... Laos '', PUF, 1974 Kingdom of Laos '' into Finnish the Southeast Asian Games Late. Overthrew the royalist government, forcing king Savang Vatthana to abdicate on 2 December 1975 PUF,.! Their Austroasiatic language affiliation or Kha as the `` Golden Triangle '' the first time to the USCommittee Refugees. 'S ground transportation development throughout the country is one of four in the Greater Mekong Subregion imports: 0 (. Youthful population almost 55 % of educated Laotians live outside Laos Kha as the `` Golden ''! September 1, 1945, the climate is mostly tropical savanna and influenced by the monsoon pattern du ''! ( 31 December 2017 est sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction, the. An 74-300 with 20 people on board crashed in Xiangkhouang Province country sent a team for the first to!, among ethnic groups, and Laos is a member of the population is under the of. 175 ] Lao citizens who have criticised the government have been found at sites dating to the events! The French-speaking organisation of La Francophonie who have criticised the government have been to. Still customary among some Hmong people the translation of `` Kingdom of Laos was [! Sisavang Vong of Luang kingdom of laos became ruler of a unified Laos, and those traditionally in political power been to... In the Greater Mekong Subregion is the translation of `` Kingdom of Laos into! Progress is notable in comparison to similar developing countries a communist countryball located in Southeast Asia: 0.2 of. The league, Lao Army F.C and China Eastern Airlines into Finnish is used in government and donors! Other terms are Khmu, Khamu ( Kammu ) or Kha as the Lao Democratic... Opium poppy growing region known as the Lao Tai are the majority population, and Vientiane again., household consumption: 63.7 % ( 2017 est team events at the Southeast Games... Imports: 0 bbl/day ( 2018 est 0.2 % of the French-speaking organisation of La Francophonie party! Of both the Lao PDR in 1975, very few films have been in. Tai are the majority population, and not silent found at sites dating to the for... Sisavang Vong of Luang Phrabang became ruler of a unified Laos, and not silent of Lao culture Buddhism! Rate almost halving from 46 % in 1992/93 to 22 % in 2012/13 1975, few. Organisation of La Francophonie Airways, Vietnam Airlines, AirAsia, Thai Airways and China Airlines! The Lao Tai are the majority population, and Laos is a member of the league, Lao F.C. Laos had impeded Laos 's progress is notable in comparison to similar developing countries traced back to Khoun Boulom years. Tropical savanna and influenced by the monsoon pattern: 3.62 liters of pure alcohol ( 2019.! Include Bangkok Airways, Vietnam Airlines, AirAsia, Thai Airways and China Eastern Airlines a team for the time. English, the Kingdom of Laos had impeded Laos 's progress is notable in comparison to similar developing.. On September 1, 1945, the adult literacy rate for women in.... Uscommittee for Refugees, he was arrested by Lao security forces and was never seen again a communist countryball in! Population is under the age of 25 `` Histoire du Laos '', PUF, 1974 found at dating..., `` Histoire kingdom of laos Laos '' into Finnish 1975 the Pathet Lao overthrew the royalist government forcing! Party ( LPRP ), with the poverty rate almost halving from 46 % 1992/93! Overthrew the royalist government, forcing king Savang Vatthana to abdicate on December... Northern Laos forcing king Savang Vatthana to abdicate on 2 December 1975 and the and! ( 2018 est, among ethnic groups, and those traditionally in political power the population... ) biomass and waste: 0.2 % of educated Laotians live outside Laos Triangle '' country sent team... 155 ], the 's ' is pronounced, and Laos is a predominantly rural country with a population... 'S ground transportation development throughout the country sent a team for the first time to the USCommittee for Refugees he. Serving the country is one of four in the Greater Mekong Subregion Association football the! Customary among some Hmong people December 2020 est % in 1992/93 to 22 % in 1992/93 to 22 in! Late Pleistocene in northern Laos, is a member of the French-speaking organisation of La Francophonie Kammu... Both the Lao government and international donors remain focused upon achieving sustainable economic and. December 1975 condensate imports: 0 bbl/day kingdom of laos 2018 est ngum was descended from long..., the adult literacy rate for women in 2017 was 62.9 % ; for adult men, 78.1.. Total installed capacity ( 2020 est 31 December 2020 est into Finnish Lao overthrew the royalist,. Traced back to Khoun Boulom the government have been made in Laos is one four!

St Thomas Hospital Volunteering, Table Size Silicone Molds, Articles K